Technical practice
How would you design a reusable RAG architecture for production use?
What to coverSuggested preparation: Explain ingestion, indexing, retrieval, context assembly and answer generation, including how you would keep the components reusable. Discuss retrieval quality, latency and reliability trade-offs, and how you would evaluate the resulting answers.
How would you build a document-processing system that feeds an AI application?
What to coverSuggested preparation: Walk through extraction, validation and handling documents that are incomplete or difficult to process. Explain how you would detect processing failures and prevent poor-quality content from undermining downstream retrieval.
How would you orchestrate prompts and agent workflows safely?
What to coverSuggested preparation: Describe when a bounded workflow is preferable to an agent that chooses its next action. Cover how you would constrain actions, manage failures and make workflow behaviour inspectable.
How would you evaluate an LLM feature and its guardrails before release?
What to coverSuggested preparation: Explain how you would define representative test cases and assess answer quality alongside safety and reliability. Describe how guardrail failures would affect a release decision and how you would detect regressions afterward.
How would you keep an AI solution model-agnostic?
What to coverSuggested preparation: Describe the interfaces and configuration boundaries you would use to avoid coupling an application to one model. Discuss what would still need re-evaluation when changing models, such as output quality, latency and guardrail behaviour.
How would you design a scalable, resilient cloud-native AI application?
What to coverSuggested preparation: Show how you would separate application components and handle variable demand or unavailable dependencies. Explain the trade-offs between responsiveness, reliability and operational complexity in a production design.
How would you integrate an AI capability with existing enterprise systems?
What to coverSuggested preparation: Compare API-based and event-driven integration where each fits, including failure handling and data consistency. Explain how Java or Python backend services and clear service boundaries could support maintainable integration.
What security concerns would shape your AI system design?
What to coverSuggested preparation: Address access to enterprise data, boundaries between components and the treatment of retrieved content or agent actions. Explain how you would balance useful AI behaviour with controls that limit unintended exposure or actions.
How would you test and release a GenAI application through CI/CD?
What to coverSuggested preparation: Distinguish deterministic tests for application code from evaluations of variable model outputs. Explain how automated checks and a controlled release process would help move a prototype toward production.
How would you troubleshoot declining quality or reliability in a live AI workflow?
What to coverSuggested preparation: Describe the telemetry, logs and monitoring signals you would examine across retrieval, orchestration and backend services. Explain how you would isolate the cause, mitigate user impact and verify that a fix worked.
Behavioural practice
Tell me about a time you mentored engineers through an architecture decision.
What to coverSuggested preparation: Use a real example to establish the team's situation and the decision at stake, then explain how you guided rather than simply dictated the approach. Close with the outcome and what the team could do independently afterward.
Describe an architecture review where you had to resolve competing design priorities.
What to coverSuggested preparation: State the situation and the trade-offs under review, then explain how you evaluated options and communicated your recommendation. Give the result, including any compromise or change to the design.
Tell me about coordinating product, cloud and engineering teams to meet a delivery milestone.
What to coverSuggested preparation: Describe the requirements or dependency that required coordination and the actions you took to establish a shared plan. Explain the result and how you handled changes or disagreements.
Describe a bottleneck you removed while moving a system from prototype to production.
What to coverSuggested preparation: Ground the example in the actual bottleneck and its effect on delivery or operation. Explain your actions, the measurable or observable result, and what made the solution sustainable.
Tell me about turning a complex implementation into a pattern other teams could reuse.
What to coverSuggested preparation: Explain the original situation and what varied between teams or projects. Describe how you defined and communicated the reusable pattern, then give evidence of its adoption or limits.